What are some other “lost cities” like Machu Picchu?

In the heart of the Andean mountains, shrouded by the clouds and the mystique of ancient civilizations, lies the renowned Machu Picchu. Often referred to as the “Lost City of the Incas,” this UNESCO World Heritage Site has captured the imaginations of travelers, historians, and archaeologists alike. But Machu Picchu is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the extraordinary archaeological legacy of Peru. Delve deeper into the country’s rich tapestry of history, and you’ll discover a plethora of “lost cities” waiting to be explored. 

In this article, we’ll journey through the enchanting landscapes of Peru, unearthing hidden gems and forgotten treasures that rival the splendor of Machu Picchu. So strap on your hiking boots and grab your sense of adventure, as we set off to reveal the secrets of Peru’s lesser-known archaeological wonders.

The enigmatic ruins of Choquequirao: Machu Picchu’s sister city

Nestled in the remote Vilcabamba mountain range, Choquequirao is one of Peru’s lesser-known lost cities. Often overshadowed by Machu Picchu, this enigmatic ruin deserves equal attention. Like Machu Picchu, Choquequirao was built by the Incas and showcases remarkable stonework.

Choquequirao, meaning “Cradle of Gold,” is believed to have been a ceremonial center. It also served as a refuge for the Incas during the Spanish invasion. Although rediscovered in the early 19th century, Choquequirao’s full extent is still being revealed. Recent excavations have shown that this lost city rivals Machu Picchu in size and complexity.

Visiting Choquequirao requires dedication and effort, as it is only accessible via a challenging hike. This trek usually takes four days, depending on your pace. The remote location and lack of infrastructure have kept Choquequirao off the beaten path. However, it is this very isolation that has preserved the site’s authenticity and allure.

Among the architectural highlights of Choquequirao are the terraced agricultural fields and intricate water canals. The ceremonial platform, with its enigmatic white stone llamas, is another must-see. The surrounding landscape offers breathtaking views of the Apurimac River and the snow-capped peaks of the Andes. It’s easy to see why the Incas chose this location for one of their lost cities.

In recent years, there has been a steady increase in tourism to Choquequirao. This has led to concerns about its preservation and the potential negative impacts of mass tourism. However, responsible travel practices can help protect and preserve this extraordinary site for future generations.

Choquequirao is an unforgettable destination for those seeking the thrill of exploring lost cities. As Machu Picchu’s sister city, it offers a unique and lesser-traveled window into the fascinating world of the Incas.

Kuelap: The fortress in the clouds and the Chachapoyas civilization

Located in the cloud forests of northern Peru, Kuelap is another of the country’s captivating lost cities. Constructed by the Chachapoyas civilization, Kuelap predates the Inca Empire by several centuries. This architectural marvel, often referred to as the “Machu Picchu of the north,” remains relatively undiscovered by the wider world.

The Chachapoyas, known as the “Warriors of the Clouds,” built Kuelap between 900 and 1100 AD. This impressive fortress, perched atop a steep mountain ridge, contains several circular structures. The massive walls, reaching up to 60 feet (18 meters) in height, protected the city from potential invaders.

Exploring Kuelap, visitors will be amazed by the intricate stone carvings and elaborate friezes. These stunning embellishments showcase the Chachapoyas’ artistic and engineering prowess. The city’s strategic location, with panoramic views of the Utcubamba Valley, adds to the site’s allure.

The Inca Empire eventually conquered the Chachapoyas in the 15th century. After the Spanish conquest, the Chachapoyas civilization vanished, and Kuelap was left abandoned. It wasn’t until the 19th century that explorers rediscovered this lost city, hidden beneath dense vegetation.

Today, accessing Kuelap has become easier, thanks to the addition of a cable car system. The journey to the site is a breathtaking experience, offering sweeping vistas of the surrounding landscape. Kuelap is also connected to the vast Inca road system, the Qhapaq Ñan.

Kuelap, like other lost cities, has experienced an uptick in tourism in recent years. This increased interest brings both opportunities and challenges. Responsible tourism is crucial to preserving Kuelap’s cultural and historical significance.

Overall, Kuelap is an extraordinary testament to the architectural and engineering feats of the Chachapoyas civilization. As one of Peru’s lost cities, it provides a fascinating glimpse into the country’s diverse and complex history, beyond the Inca Empire and Spanish conquest.

Caral: The ancient cradle of Andean civilization

Caral, situated in the Supe Valley of central Peru, stands out among the country’s lost cities. As the oldest known city in the Americas, Caral dates back over 5,000 years. This ancient metropolis, once home to a sophisticated civilization, offers invaluable insights into the origins of Andean culture.

The Caral civilization developed independently of other early societies, such as Mesopotamia and Egypt. Its urban planning, monumental architecture, and complex social structure exemplify the ingenuity of the people. Caral’s impressive pyramids, sunken plazas, and intricate residential complexes reveal a highly developed society.

Archaeologists have been excavating Caral since the 1900s, uncovering a wealth of information about the civilization. Remarkably, the site shows no evidence of warfare or conflict. This peaceful society focused on agriculture, trade, and cultural development, setting it apart from other lost cities.

Visitors to Caral can explore the sprawling complex, encompassing over 150 acres. Highlights include the Great Pyramid, the Circular Plaza, and the Amphitheater. Caral’s ingenious irrigation systems and astronomical alignments demonstrate the civilization’s advanced knowledge of agriculture and astronomy.

As one of Peru’s lesser-known lost cities, Caral provides a unique opportunity to delve into the roots of Andean civilization. Its extraordinary age and exceptional preservation make it an essential stop for anyone interested in ancient history.

Before concluding your Peruvian adventure, consider exploring other fascinating sites. Vinicunca Rainbow Mountain, the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, and Huayna Picchu each offer unforgettable experiences. With its diverse landscape and rich cultural heritage, Peru is a treasure trove of lost cities, ancient wonders, and breathtaking natural beauty.